ABSTRACT
As a new technology with unique drug delivery advantages， nanoemulsion has been widely used in the field of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） preparations. By searching， classifying and sorting out the literature reports at home and abroad in recent years， this paper systematically expounded the application advantages and production mechanism of nanoemulsion in delivering effective components of TCM from three aspects of improving oral bioavailability， enhancing targeting effect and delaying drug release. The current formulation optimization strategies， preparation processes and quality evaluation indicators commonly used in TCM nanoemulsion were summarized. Based on the research status of TCM nanoemulsion with different active components， the common problems and possible solutions in the development of TCM nanoemulsion were discussed， and the future research hotspots and directions of TCM nanoemulsion were prospected. This article clarifies the feasibility of nanoemulsion for enriching the selection of TCM dosage forms， which can provide reference for the subsequent rational design and improvement of TCM preparations. At the same time， it is revealed that the research focus of TCM nanoemulsion in the future lies in the integrated research of TCM compounds， and shows a trend of multi-disciplinary joint and targeted research.
ABSTRACT
Purpose To study the clinicopathologic characteristics,immunophenotype and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in infectious mononucleosis (IM),and to enhance the knowledge and diagnosis of the disease.Methods The clinical data,laboratory examination,and lymph nodes biopsy of 9 cases of IM were collected.Immunohistochemistry of EliVision twostep,flow cytometry and EBER in situ hybridization double labeling were studied in 9 cases.Relevant literatures were also reviewed.Results The average age of 9 cases of IM was 22 years old.Patients presented with acute onset,short disease duration,fever,and liver,spleen and lymph node enlargement,and increased abnormal lymphocyte.Also,it was positive in the antiEBV VCA-IgM detection.EBV-DNA copy numbers were all increased.Most WBC counts were increased.Liver function index was abnormal.The ratio of peripheral blood lymphoeytes obviously increased and the ratio of atypical lymphocyte was greater than 10％.Immunophenotype of peripheral blood flow cytometry was characterized by high expression of T cells markers and CD8.CD4 expression was significantly reduced or even not expressed.CD4+/CD8 + ratio was reversed.Lymph nodes were destroyed in different extent and presented mottling without the thickening of the capsule and interstitial fibrous hyperplasia.B cells differentiation spectrum was visible.The lesion cells were mostly CD3-positive cells.CD20,CD30-positive activated cells and immunoblast cells diffused distribution and showed different degrees of strength.The site of EBER in situ hybridization was mainly in T region.Conclusion IM is an EBV-related acute self-limiting lymphoproliferative disease.Taking clinical characteristics,morphology,EBV infection and immunophenotype into considerations will help to correct diagnoses.